UNTIL/TILL vs. BY (Part 1)~まで(ずっと)vs.~までに (パート1)

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Instead of an hour, date, or year, we can use a clause to talk about the time when using until and by

With by we usually say, "by THE TIME something happens/happened". 

But we can put the time clause immediately after until, as in "until something happens/happened".

(Be careful: We normally do not use the future tense in these time clauses. For example we do NOT say, "by the time he WILL arrive".)

untilと < by>の次に時間や日付、年などを言う代わりに、時間(期限)について説明する節を持ってくることができます。byを使うときは普通 by THE TIME+主語+動詞~の形にします。untilは、until+主語+動詞~になります。

注意: byuntilを使って時間について説明する節では、普通未来形は使いません。例えば "by the time he WILL arrive"とは言いません。


1. Stay here until I come back. This'll only take a few minutes.

2. I'll always love you. I'll love you till I die.

3. I've been working at the office so late recently that my children are usually asleep by the
   time
I get home.

4. We're opening a savings account for our baby now. That way we'll have enough money by
   the time
he's ready for college.
Enjoy your Monday!